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Determining the Effect of Invasive Earthworms on Pollution from Forested Land Uses to Improve Water Quality Models
Gorres, Josef
Gorres, Josef
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Abstract
Invasive earthworms, particularly jumping worms (Amynthas spp.), are emerging as significant agents of ecological change in forested landscapes, including riparian zones. This study investigates their impact on soil structure, erosion, and nutrient transport in Vermont watersheds. Field surveys and soil sampling revealed that jumping worm-invaded soils exhibit increased erodibility, especially on steep slopes, leading to greater sediment and nutrient delivery to surface waters. While phosphorus concentrations remained consistent across invaded and uninvaded soils, elevated levels of calcium, potassium, and magnesium were observed in invaded sites, suggesting enhanced nutrient export due to erosion. Using the Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP) model, we quantified erosion potential and found substantial soil loss during summer storms. Additionally, laboratory experiments on cocoon hatching behavior demonstrated that jumping worm emergence is time-dependent and moderated by temperature, with peak hatching at 10°C in early to mid-spring. These findings refine our understanding of the seasonal dynamics and ecological risks posed by jumping worms, informing watershed management and invasive species monitoring strategies.
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2025-01-01