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Measurement and Characterization of Vibration Using IoT-Based Methods
Hanna, Nicholas C.
Hanna, Nicholas C.
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Abstract
Improvements in microelectronics are accompanied by improvements in capturing nuanced vibration data via Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and Microcontroller Unit (MCU) pairings. In turn, new product offerings on the electronics market have markedly advanced in metrics such as power consumption, accuracy, and affordability of Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) and MCU-based system-on-chips (SoCs) becoming capable of capturing and handling dense and robust vibration data wirelessly. Despite this, the use of conventional vibration measurement systems generally entails wiring an IMU probe or circuit directly on or adjacent to a source of vibration under testing. Wired IMUs can be problematic when embedded in mechanical systems as they may impede the motion and functionality of active components. To address these issues, this paper presents a wireless, node-based vibration measurement system capable of extracting accelerometer and gyroscope data from an IMU at a sample rate of 400 Hz with sub-millisecond sample-capture synchronization. A Digital Signal Processing (DSP) suite tailored to vibration characterization using state-of-the-art time and frequency domain analysis is presented with accompanying visuals. All hardware components are mounted on custom-made, interfacing Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) to withstand vibration. System accuracy is characterized in situ on 1) a sinewave-driven electrodynamic vibration generator and 2) an antenna structure that vibrates with distinct modes at distinct frequencies. Applications of the presented system include the functional monitoring of active machinery and feature extraction of vibration and movement for use in Machine Learning (ML) models. Performance was verified on experiments that showed simultaneous capture of vibration and gyroscopic data at a rate of 300 Hz on each channel.
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2024-01-01
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Hanna_uvm_0243N_11767.pdf
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Computer Science