Contribution of Anxiety Symptoms to Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) Scores

Authors

Casey D. Krueger, University of VermontFollow
Sarah E. Guth, University of VermontFollow
Masha Y. Ivanova, University of VermontFollow

Document Type

Manuscript

Submission Date

2025

Abstract

Abstract

Purpose: Postpartum depression and anxiety bear negative consequences for maternal and child health. While much attention is given to postpartum depression, postpartum anxiety is not as well characterized. This study sought to better characterize postpartum anxiety in Vermont patients to support the healthy development of maternal and child health within the state.

Methods: The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) is a validated 10-item questionnaire utilized for depression screening. A retrospective chart review of University of Vermont Medical Center (UVMMC) postpartum patients who completed EPDS screens at various timepoints was performed. Data analysis was completed in SPSS to evaluate contributions of individual questionnaire components to overall composite scores as well as investigate differences based on patient race.

Results: There were no statistically significant differences between various symptom sub-scores for EPDS screens at any timepoint. However, anxiety sub-scores were significantly different by race at p < .001 with a medium effect size (η² = 0.056). Further, while the mean of non-anxiety sub-scores was higher than the mean of anxiety sub-scores for positive initial EPDS screens (7.58 and 5.60, respectively), the reverse was true for negative initial EPDS screens (1.28 for non-anxiety sub-scores and 1.67 for anxiety sub-scores).

Conclusion: These observations bear implications for how providers may approach the topic of perinatal depression and anxiety with patients. The statistical and clinical significance of the observed differences may serve as a reminder for providers to thoughtfully integrate this discussion in a way that is informed by patients’ identities and lived experiences.

Recommended Citation

Krueger, Casey D.; Guth, Sarah E.; and Ivanova, Masha Y., "Contribution of Anxiety Symptoms to Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) Scores" (2025). Larner College of Medicine Fourth Year Advanced Integration Teaching/Scholarly Projects. 47.
https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/m4sp/47

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